Early Christian Spirituality and Spiritual Direction
  • Home
  • C.V.
  • Courses
    • Survey Courses>
      • Historical Theology I: Doctrine and Spirituality of the Early Church>
        • Historical Theology I Lectures>
          • Lectures 1-10>
            • Conversion and Baptism in the Early Church
            • Church and Church Order in Early Christian Teaching
            • Women and Ministry in the Early Church
            • Differentiation from Judaism
            • Toward Uniformity: Charismatic and Institutional Authority in the Early Church
            • Whose Orthodoxy? Docetism, Encratism, Gnosticism
            • The Development of the New Testament Canon
            • Greco-Roman Religion and the Early Christian Apologists
            • Early Christians and Military Service
          • Lectures 11-20>
            • Martyrdom-Reading the Stories of the Martyrs
            • Persecution Apostasy and the Controversy Over Restoring the Lapsed
            • Early Christian Biblical Interpretation: Typology and Allegory
            • The Roots of Christology
            • Athanasius on the Incarnation
            • The Arian Crisis
            • The Divinity of the Holy Spirit
            • Athanasius and the Cappadocians on the Holy Spirit
            • The Rise of Asceticism
            • Writing the Life of a Saint: Spiritual Biographies and the Life of Pachomius
            • Augustine and the Manichaeans on Evil
        • Historical Theology I Syllabus
        • Historical Theology I Final Exam
      • Historical Theology II: Doctrine and Spirituality of the Medieval Church>
        • Historical Theology II Lectures 1-10>
          • Intro to European Society in the Middle Ages
          • Augustine on Faith Hope and Love
          • Augustine and Pelagius on Freedom and Grace
          • The Rule of St. Benedict
          • Prayer and Lectio Divina in the Benedictine Tradition
          • Confession and Repentance: An Introduction
          • Confession and Penance: From the Early Church to the Middle Ages
          • Prayer and Pastoral Care in Gregory the Great's Pastoral Rule
          • Bernard of Clairvaux's Life and Works
          • Bernard of Clairvaux on Loving God
        • Historical Theology Lectures 11-20>
          • Faith and Reason in Anselm's Proslogion
          • Late Medieval Mystical Traditions
          • Walter Hilton's Scale of Perfection
          • The Cloud of Unknowing
          • Julian of Norwich
          • Jean Gerson on Mystical Theology
          • Jean Gerson on Spiritual Discernment (Discernment of Spirits)
          • Thomas Aquinas' Five Ways
          • Thomas Aquinas on the Atonement
          • Thomas Aquinas on Transubstantiation
        • Historical Theology II Syllabus
        • Historical Theology II Final Exam
      • Historical Theology III: Doctrine and Spirituality of the Reformation>
        • Historical Theology III Final Exam Review Sheet
        • Historical Theology III Lectures 1-6>
          • Later Middle Ages and Renaissance
          • Luther on Justification
          • Penance, Indulgences and Beginning of the Reformation
          • Luther's Theology of the Cross
          • Luther on Trials (Anfechtungen) and the Temptation to Despair
          • Luther on Suffering and Spiritual Warfare
        • Historical Theology III Lectures 7-11>
          • Luther on Baptism
          • Luther on the Lord's Supper
          • Luther on the Pastoral Office and Confession
          • Johann Arndt as a Precursor of Lutheran Pietism
          • Johann Arndt's True Christianity
        • Historical Theology III Lectures 12-16>
          • Johann Gerhard and Lutheran Devotional Literature
          • Johann Gerhard's Devotional Works
          • Life of John Calvin
          • Calvin on Church and Baptism
          • Calvin on the Lord's Supper
        • Historical Theology Lectures 17-20>
          • The English Reformation
          • George Herbert: Poet and Pastor--The Country Parson
          • Puritan Conceptions of the Church
        • Historical Theology III Syllabus
        • Historical Theology III Final Exam
      • Historical Theology IV: Secularization, Spirituality and Ministry in the Modern Period>
        • Historical Theology IV Lectures 1-6>
          • The Transition from Scholasticism to Rationalism
          • Puritanism and Social and Religious Fragmentation
          • Spener Francke and Lutheran Pietism
          • Radical Pietism: Gerhard Tersteegen and Gottfried Arnold
          • Zinzendorf and the Moravians
          • John and Charles Wesley
        • Historical Theology IV Lectures 7-11>
          • John Locke on Toleration
          • David Hume's Criticism of Miracles and Natural Religion
          • J.S Mill On Liberty and Toleration
          • Ludwig Feuerbach and Sigmund Freud on Projection
          • Dietrich Bonhoeffer and Confessional Theology
        • Lectures 12-15>
          • Secularization and Its Implications for the Ministry of the Church
          • Church Leaving : Disaffiliation & Secularization
        • Historical Theology IV Syllabus
    • Advanced Seminars>
      • Prayer and Spirituality in the Early Church: Spiritual Direction and Pastoral Care in the Greek Fathers>
        • Prayer and Spirituality Lectures 1-5>
          • Prayer in the Early Church
          • Tertullian and Cyprian on the Lord's Prayer
          • Origen on Prayer
          • Cyril of Jerusalem & Gregory of Nyssa on the Lord's Prayer
          • Apophthegmata Patrum: The Desert Fathers on Prayer, Compunction and Spiritual Direction
        • Prayer and Spirituality Lectures 6-9>
          • Evagrius on Anger
          • Evagrius on Evil and Preexistence: The Origin and Fall of Rational Beings
          • Evagrius on Pride
          • John Cassian
          • Abbah Isaiah of Scetis and Barsanuphius and John
          • Dorotheos of Gaza
        • Prayer and Spirituality Final Exam 2011
        • Review for Prayer and Spirituality Final Exam 2011
        • Final Exam for Prayer and Spirituality 2013
        • Review for Prayer and Spirituality Final Exam 2013
        • Prayer and Spirituality in the Early Church Syllabus
      • Augustine's Moral and Pastoral Theology>
        • Augustine Seminar Lectures 1-5>
          • Intro to Augustine's Life and Works
          • Augustine Confessions I-V
          • Augustine Confessions VI-VII
          • Augustine Confessions VIII-XIII
          • Augustine on Faith Hope and Love
          • Background of the Pelagian Controversy
          • Augustine and Pelagius on Human Freedom Sin and Grace
          • Augustine and the Donatists on the Purity of the Church
        • Augustine Lectures 6-9>
          • Augustine on Pastoral Ministry
          • Augustine On the Trinity
          • Augustine on Lying
          • Augustine on Suicide
        • Augustine Syllabus
    • Introduction to Sahidic Coptic>
      • Introduction to Sahidic Coptic Syllabus
  • Themes in Christian Spirituality
    • Advent
    • Self-Examination (The Examen)
    • Repentance
    • Baptism>
      • Romans 6: Baptism into the Death of Christ
      • Holy Baptism: A Brief Introduction
      • The Baptism of Children in the Early Church
    • The Lord's Supper
    • Spiritual Discernment>
      • Rules for the Discerning of Spirits
      • Vocational Discernment: Testing a Call from God
      • Discerning a Call to Ministry
    • Fasting
    • Meditating on the Psalms>
      • Speaking Peace: Meditating on Ps 122
      • Seeking Peace: Biblical Teaching on Peace
    • How to Plan a Spiritual Retreat
    • Praying for Sanctification and Greater Love of God
    • Abandonment to the Will of God>
      • Le Cantique spirituel de Jean-Joseph Surin
    • What It Means to Be a Seminary Professor
    • Training the Next Generation of Spiritual Directors>
      • Training Spiritual Directors: Content and Competencies
      • Bibliography of Readings for Use in the Training of Spiritual Directors
  • Pastoral Ethics
    • Moral Issues Lectures>
      • A Short History of Pastoral Ethics
      • Telling the Truth
      • Confidentiality and Mandatory Disclosure
      • The Morality of Forgiveness
      • Friendship Morality and the Spiritual Life
      • Responding to Conflict in the Church
      • Abuse of Power in Ministry
      • Stress and Burnout in Pastoral Ministry>
        • Stress in Pastoral Ministry
        • Factors Involved in Clergy Burnout
        • Taking a Closer Look At Personal Stressors: The Pie Plate Chart
      • Clergy Sexual Misconduct>
        • Factors Contributing to the Compulsive Use of Pornography
        • Sexual Misconduct in Pastoral Ministry
        • The Effects of Clergy Sexual Misconduct: Perspectives from the Abused
      • Marriage Divorce and Remarriage
      • Divorce and Remarriage in Mark 10
    • Moral Issues Syllabus
    • Pastoral Ethics Case Studies>
      • Case Study on Telling the Truth and Deception
      • Case Study on Confidentiality and Disclosure
      • Case Studies on Conflict in the Church
      • Case Study on Pastoral Sexual Misconduct
    • Moral Issues Final Exam>
      • Moral Issues Final Exam
      • Moral Issues Final Exam Review Sheet
  • Legal Issues
    • Legal Issues: Invasion of Privacy and Defamation
    • Undue Influence and Legal Responsibility for Employees
    • Moral and Legal Issues in Spiritual Direction>
      • Moral and Legal Issues in Spiritual Direction Bibliography
  • The Seven Deadly Sins
    • The Heart Chart: How We Respond to Temptation
    • Pride
    • Vainglory
    • Envy
    • Anger: The Deadliest Sin?
    • Falling Out of Love: Acedia (Akedia) and Spiritual Apathy
    • Covetousness: When Having Things Is the Most Important Thing
    • Lust and the Healing of Disordered Desire
    • Case Studies on the Seven Deadly Sins>
      • Case Study on Pride and Vainglory
  • The Lord's Prayer
    • Spiritual Formation Schedule Fall 2010
    • Prayer in the Early Church
    • Our Father: What Fatherhood Really Means
    • Hallowed Be Your Name
    • Your Kingdom Come Your Will Be Done
    • Give Us This Day Our Daily Bread
    • Forgive Us Our Debts
    • Lead Us Not Into Temptation But Deliver Us From Evil
Welcome to my site! The site contains various lectures I have given in recent years at Grand Rapids Theological Seminary and at Redeemer Covenant Church in Caledonia, Michigan. I am particularly interested in topics related to the history of spiritual direction and early Christian spirituality.

The Courses section of the site includes syllabi from courses I teach on a regular basis on the history of Christian spirituality. At the end of each syllabus I've provided an extensive bibliography of helpful books and articles on various aspects of the Church's teaching on spiritual direction and pastoral care during the period covered by the course.

The Themes in Christian Spirituality section contains outlines of several short lectures given on foundational spiritual disciplines (fasting, spiritual discernment, how to plan a spiritual retreat, etc.).

The Spiritual Direction section of the site provides outlines and bibliographies relevant to the training and supervision of spiritual directors.

The Pastoral Ethics section includes the syllabus and selected lectures from a course I teach that discusses the moral and legal issues most commonly faced by clergy and spiritual directors. This includes both topics basic to professional ethics (boundaries in personal and professional relationships, dual roles, abuse of power, sexual and financial misconduct) and issues peculiar to the care of souls and spiritual direction within the Church (spiritual friendship, Christian perspectives on depression and suicide, etc.)

*New! * I have just updated my pastoral ethics syllabus for fall 2012. All the bibliographies have been updated and there is greater coverage of family systems, the role of images in addiction to pornography, and how these can be important precursors of sexual misconduct by the clergy. We will also devote more time to discussing compassionate aftercare for victims of pastoral sexual abuse, issues relating to the discipline of clergy offenders, and how to extend care to the offender's family and the congregation as a whole.

Information on my academic research and publications on early Christian and Byzantine philosophical texts can be found at
http://cornerstone.academia.edu/ByardBennett

Copyright © 2010-2013 Byard Bennett. All rights reserved. Not to be reproduced without written consent of the copyright holder.
Music: Carol Eugenia Graham, Monday of Pentecost
Byzantine Chant
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